FUNCTION
The addition of the reactants into the reactor is done through the hand whole
equipped with a quick release closure. By applying vacuum to the feed vessel
another reactant can be sucked into the feed vessel and afterward dosed through
a dip pipe directly into the liquid reaction phase. The valve assemblies permit
to operate the complete unit as well as single receivers under vacuum or slight
inert gas overpressure up to +0.5barg.
- made of borosilicate glass 3.3
- highly corrosion resistant
- high separation efficiency-
- low pressure drop
The efficient solution for highly corrosive thermal separation processes
CONCEPTThermal separation processes are often used in treating and cleaning chemicals. Very common are processes that involve two liquids or a liquid and a gas. The processes used mainly involve extraction, absorption, desorption or stripping, distillation or rectification. These separation processes require mass transfer between two phases; in the above rectification example, the mass transfer between the liquid and gas phase. Keeping the equipment used in this process as compact as possible requires creating as much mass transfer surface in as small a volume as possible. DURAPACK® ensures high flow rates with low pressure drop and at the same time huge mass transfer areas for an efficient separation.
In order to intensify the mass transfer in absorption, desorption, distillation and extraction columns structured packing DURAPACK® from borosilicate glass 3.3 is the best choice for corrosive media. Applications are among other are therefore corrosive chemicals such as sulfuric acid, nitric acid, other mineral acids such as HCl but also halides such as chlorine, bromine and iodine: short wherever metal material but also plastic fail.
DURAPACK® patented structured packing consists of alternately allocated corrugated plates made of borosilicate glass 3.3 with channels at an angle of 45°. In order to increase the turbulence the corrugations are notched. The packing is only made from borosilicate glass 3.3, i.e. the plates are sintered together without any gluing material so that only borosilicate glass 3.3 is in contact with the media to be processed.
The easy-to-clean smooth and inert surface is extremely convenient.
The dissolving process of a chemical component with a liquid out of a second non-gaseous phase is called extraction. The dissolving process of a chemical component with a liquid out of a second non-gaseous phase is called extraction. Depending on the kind of the second phase this process is named either solid/liquid extraction or liquid/liquid extraction.
Solid/Liquid extraction process is a very common process in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industry to obtain natural ingredients as e.g. flavors and fragrances from natural raw material.
The extraction can be carried out with cold or hot solvents.
The solid raw material is packed in a container with a retainer on the bottom called extractor B2 and extracted batch wise.
The solvent is guided through the extractor in different ways
Using solvents with a lower density than the raw material avoids floating of the raw material and eases the process.
Very often the solvent is evaporated in B1 from the extract directly after leaving the extractor, then condensed in W2 and guided back into the extractor B2.
Whereas distillation takes advantage of different volatilities means different distributions of a product in the liquid and the gas phase the liquid/liquid extraction is based on different solubilities means different distributions of a product in 2 co-existing liquid phases.
For the extraction of a product (white dots) out of the so called feed liquor (blue liquid with white dots) a suitable solvent (yellow liquid) has therefore to be found. The first step of an extraction process is mixing for an intensive contact of both liquid phases to enable the mass transfer of the product (white dots) from the (blue) feed liquor into the (yellow) solvent. The second step is the phase separation or settling of the 2 liquid phases. After the extraction of the product the feed liquor is called raffinate (blue liquid with less white dots) whereas the solvent containing the product is called extract (yellow liquid with white dots). For the recovery of the product the solvent has to be separated in a subsequent third step from the product which is mostly done by distillation
Batch mode - Mixers/Reactors.
Using a mixer in batch mode offers a huge flexibility to optimize the mass transfer by varying ratio of the liquid phases, the type of stirrer, stirrer speed and mixing time. The settling period can also be easily influenced by varying the time. Such a batch operation is labor sensitive and requires sufficiently big equipment.
What can be done in the laboratory scale with a separation funnel can be realized in a bigger scale with larger quantities in a more defined way by using tempered mixers having basically the same functionality as batch reactors for reactions in the liquid phase. This is especially advantageous for the extraction of reaction mixture as it can be carried out in the same equipment as the reaction. Mixing can be adjusted by the stirrer shape, speed and mixing time. The phase separation is a question of time and can be observed advantageously in glass reactors. For the phase separation it is necessary to determine the location of the interphase. In the reactor this can be measured by systems based on a floater, a radar signal or the conductivity depending on the system to be examined. Outside the reactor it is also possible to detect the interphase while draining the lower means heavier phase through the bottom outlet by visual inspection through a glass pipe or by the sudden change of media property.
The QVF SUPRA shell and tube heat exchangers are available with